Greenland, a land of glaciers, fjords, and ancient cultures, is one of the world’s last true wildernesses. An expedition cruise offers a unique opportunity to see its breathtaking beauty, access remote regions, and experience a journey that’s both thrilling and humbling. This guide covers everything you need to know about exploring Greenland by cruise: what to expect, top sites to visit, and tips for making the most of your Arctic adventure.
Why Choose an Expedition Cruise to Greenland?
Greenland’s rugged, glacier-carved coastline and extreme weather make it difficult to access by road or traditional travel routes. Expedition cruises are specifically designed for exploring these remote parts, offering ice-strengthened ships, knowledgeable guides, and flexible itineraries that adapt to the natural conditions. The vessels are often equipped with Zodiacs (small, motorized boats) for shoreline and ice-flood landings, allowing passengers to experience up-close wildlife encounters and visit local communities.
When to Visit Greenland
Greenland’s cruise season runs from June to September when the Arctic summer brings longer daylight hours, slightly warmer temperatures, and a higher chance to witness wildlife. June and July are ideal for birdwatching, with thousands of Arctic terns and puffins nesting along the cliffs. August and September bring stunning fall colors, and by September, you may even catch the first glimpses of the northern lights.
Highlights of an Expedition Cruise in Greenland
1. Ilulissat Icefjord
A UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Ilulissat Icefjord is one of Greenland’s most awe-inspiring sights. The glacier here calves massive icebergs into Disko Bay, creating a surreal landscape of towering ice formations drifting out to sea. Cruise passengers can often take a Zodiac to get up close, listening to the haunting sounds of ice cracking and shifting.
2. Scoresby Sund
Known as the longest fjord system in the world, Scoresby Sund on Greenland’s east coast is a spectacular mix of high cliffs, icebergs, and secluded bays. The fjord system is home to polar bears, narwhals, and seals, making it a wildlife lover’s dream. Many expeditions anchor here for a day of exploration, including hikes onshore and scenic boat rides through the ice-filled waters.
3. Nuuk – The Capital City
Nuuk, Greenland’s capital and largest city, offers a blend of modern Greenlandic culture and ancient traditions. While here, visitors can explore the Greenland National Museum, home to artifacts like the famous Qilakitsoq mummies, and colorful houses set against rugged mountains. Nuuk is also a great place to experience Greenlandic cuisine and art, as well as meet the locals to learn about life in the Arctic.
4. South Greenland’s Norse Ruins
South Greenland is home to ruins from the time of the Norse, who settled in the region over a thousand years ago. A highlight for many visitors is the Hvalsey Church, one of the best-preserved Norse ruins in Greenland and a historical gem. Nearby, you can also find small farms and villages where modern-day Greenlanders continue to live off the land, a testament to the area’s resilient communities.
5. Arctic Wildlife Watching
Greenland’s unique wildlife is a major draw for expedition cruises. Alongside massive icebergs and fjords, you’ll likely encounter whales (humpbacks, minke, and fin whales), seals, and, if you’re lucky, polar bears. Birdwatchers will enjoy the variety of seabirds, such as guillemots and kittiwakes, while the elusive narwhal sometimes makes an appearance in the icy waters.
A Typical Day on a Greenland Expedition Cruise
Each day on an expedition cruise in Greenland is unique. Most mornings start with a briefing from the expedition team, who give a rundown of the day’s potential sightings and activities. Depending on weather and ice conditions, you may spend the day kayaking among icebergs, taking a Zodiac to a remote settlement, or exploring glacial landscapes on foot. The focus is on flexibility, allowing the crew to maximize your experience based on Greenland’s changing and often unpredictable environment.
Expect both guided excursions and free time to soak up the scenery and spot wildlife. In the evenings, passengers often gather to hear talks from experts, covering topics like Greenlandic culture, Arctic wildlife, and climate science. Meals onboard typically reflect Greenland’s cuisine, often featuring fresh seafood like Arctic char, halibut, and locally sourced ingredients when possible.
Practical Tips for Your Greenland Expedition
- Pack for Cold Weather: Even in summer, Greenland’s weather can be unpredictable. Dress in layers with moisture-wicking base layers, insulated jackets, waterproof pants, gloves, and sturdy boots. Expedition cruise ships often provide parkas and boots, but check with your cruise operator before packing.
- Photography Essentials: With its breathtaking landscapes, Greenland is a photographer’s dream. Pack a good-quality camera with a zoom lens to capture wildlife and scenic shots from afar. A polarizer filter can be useful for reducing glare on the water and ice, and remember extra batteries as cold weather drains power quickly.
- Prepare for Limited Connectivity: Greenland is remote, and internet access is often limited or unavailable while cruising. Use this time to disconnect, immerse yourself in nature, and experience life off the grid. Let friends and family know you may be out of contact during your trip.
- Respect Local Cultures: Greenland is home to an Inuit population with a rich heritage. When visiting small towns and villages, engage respectfully with locals, and follow the guidance of your expedition leaders. Learning a few basic Greenlandic phrases or understanding cultural customs can enrich your experience.
- Embrace the Adventure: Expedition cruises to Greenland are often weather-dependent, and plans may change based on sea and ice conditions. Flexibility is key, as the crew’s priority is safety and providing the best possible experience under varying conditions. Embrace the unpredictability—it’s part of the adventure!
Final Thoughts on Cruising to Greenland
An expedition cruise to Greenland offers a journey into one of the world’s last great frontiers, where raw natural beauty and ancient cultures meet in a breathtaking Arctic landscape. From witnessing the massive Ilulissat Icefjord to exploring Norse ruins and learning from the Inuit community, this is a trip of a lifetime for adventure seekers and nature lovers alike. Greenland’s unique charm lies in its untouched wilderness and the deep sense of peace that comes with exploring a land so remote and pristine. Whether you’re an experienced traveler or setting out on your first polar adventure, Greenland promises memories that will last forever.
